Islands have always fascinated humanity with their unique ecosystems, diverse cultures, and breathtaking landscapes. From tropical paradises to remote wildernesses, the largest islands in the world offer a glimpse into some of Earth’s most remarkable natural wonders. In this article, we will explore these majestic landmasses in detail, uncovering their geography, history, culture, wildlife, and much more. Whether you’re an avid traveler, a geography enthusiast, or simply curious about our planet’s marvels, this guide is crafted to provide you with rich insights into the 25 largest islands in the world .
What Defines an Island?
Before diving into the specifics of the largest islands in the world , it’s essential to understand what constitutes an island. An island is defined as any piece of land surrounded entirely by water but smaller than a continent. Unlike continents, which are massive landmasses that include multiple countries and regions, islands are typically self-contained units. They vary greatly in size, climate, and biodiversity, making each one a unique destination worth exploring.
The distinction between islands and continents can sometimes blur when discussing exceptionally large islands like Greenland or Borneo. However, for classification purposes, these remain categorized as islands due to their geographical characteristics.
1. Greenland: The Crown Jewel Among the Largest Islands in the World
Greenland holds the title of being the largest island in the world , spanning approximately 2.16 million square kilometers (836,330 square miles). Located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, this autonomous territory of Denmark is renowned for its vast ice sheets, rugged mountains, and stunning fjords.
Geography and Climate
Greenland’s landscape is dominated by glaciers covering roughly 80% of its surface area. The remaining areas consist of tundra vegetation, rocky outcrops, and sparse human settlements along the coastline. Its harsh Arctic climate makes it one of the least densely populated places on Earth, with only around 56,000 inhabitants.
Wildlife and Natural Wonders
Despite its icy conditions, Greenland boasts incredible biodiversity. Polar bears, musk oxen, Arctic foxes, and numerous bird species thrive here. Visitors flock to witness the mesmerizing Northern Lights during winter months and experience the midnight sun in summer.
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Travel Tip: If you plan to visit Greenland, consider booking tours that focus on glacier hikes, dog sledding, and whale watching. These activities allow you to immerse yourself fully in the island’s raw beauty.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
For accommodation, Nuuk—the capital city—is home to several cozy hotels such as Hotel Hans Egede and Sarfaq Hotel. Local restaurants serve traditional Greenlandic cuisine featuring fresh seafood, reindeer meat, and musk ox dishes.
2. New Guinea: A Land of Diversity
Ranking second among the largest islands in the world , New Guinea spans over 785,753 square kilometers (303,381 square miles). Divided politically between Papua New Guinea and Indonesia, this island is a melting pot of cultures, languages, and ecosystems.
Cultural Richness
New Guinea is home to over 1,000 distinct ethnic groups, each with its own language and traditions. This linguistic diversity is unparalleled anywhere else globally. Tribal communities maintain ancient customs, including elaborate rituals and vibrant art forms.
Biodiversity Hotspot
The island’s dense rainforests harbor countless endemic species, from birds-of-paradise to tree kangaroos. Mount Wilhelm, the highest peak in Papua New Guinea, offers adventurous treks through lush jungles and alpine meadows.
Travel Tip: To truly appreciate New Guinea’s cultural heritage, attend local festivals like the Goroka Show or Hiri Moale Festival, where tribes showcase their music, dance, and crafts.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Port Moresby, the capital of Papua New Guinea, features modern accommodations like Airways Hotel and Holiday Inn Express. For dining, try Mumu Grill for authentic Papuan flavors or indulge in international cuisines at nearby eateries.
3. Borneo: A Tropical Paradise
Borneo ranks third among the largest islands in the world , encompassing 748,168 square kilometers (288,869 square miles). Shared by Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei, this island is synonymous with pristine rainforests, exotic wildlife, and ecotourism opportunities.
Flora and Fauna
Borneo’s jungles are teeming with life, housing iconic creatures like orangutans, pygmy elephants, and proboscis monkeys. Kinabalu National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, protects Mount Kinabalu—one of Southeast Asia’s tallest peaks—and its surrounding ecosystems.
Adventure Awaits
From river cruises along the Kinabatangan River to cave explorations in Gunung Mulu National Park, Borneo promises unforgettable adventures. Scuba divers rave about Sipadan Island’s coral reefs, often ranked among the best dive sites globally.
Travel Tip: Plan your trip during dry season (March to October) for optimal weather conditions and increased accessibility to remote areas.
Nearby Hotels and Resorts
Kota Kinabalu, Sabah’s capital, offers luxury stays at Shangri-La’s Tanjung Aru Resort and budget-friendly options like Backpacker’s Travellers Inn. Seafood lovers should head to Welcome Seafood Restaurant for freshly caught delicacies.
4. Madagascar: The Eighth Continent
Madagascar, the fourth-largest island in the world, covers 587,041 square kilometers (226,658 square miles). Known as the “Eighth Continent” due to its unique flora and fauna, Madagascar separated from mainland Africa millions of years ago, leading to extraordinary evolutionary adaptations.
Endemic Species Galore
Over 90% of Madagascar’s wildlife cannot be found anywhere else on Earth. Lemurs, chameleons, baobab trees, and fossa cats are just a few examples of its irreplaceable biodiversity. Andasibe-Mantadia National Park is a must-visit for lemur enthusiasts.
Cultural Tapestry
Malagasy culture reflects influences from African, Arab, Indian, and European settlers. Traditional ceremonies, intricate wood carvings, and colorful markets highlight the island’s rich heritage.
Travel Tip: Hire a local guide to navigate Madagascar’s complex terrain and gain deeper insights into its hidden gems.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Antananarivo, the capital city, has upscale hotels like Carlton Hotel and mid-range lodgings like Palissandre Hotel & Spa. Sample Malagasy specialties like romazava (meat stew) and ravitoto (pork dish) at La Varangue Restaurant.
5. Baffin Island: Arctic Wilderness
Baffin Island, located in Canada’s Nunavut territory, ranks fifth among the largest islands in the world , covering 507,451 square kilometers (195,928 square miles). It serves as a gateway to the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and showcases dramatic landscapes carved by glacial activity.
Polar Adventures
Auyuittuq National Park attracts adventurers seeking challenging hikes across glaciated valleys and towering peaks. Wildlife sightings include polar bears, narwhals, and walruses. Summer visitors may even spot beluga whales congregating near river mouths.
Inuit Heritage
The Inuit people have inhabited Baffin Island for thousands of years, preserving their traditions despite harsh living conditions. Artifacts, storytelling, and throat singing reflect their deep connection to the land and sea.
Travel Tip: Visit Pangnirtung, known as the “Gateway to Auyuittuq,” for authentic Inuit art and guided excursions into the park.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Iqaluit, the territorial capital, provides limited lodging options such as Frobisher Inn and Discovery Lodge Hotel. Try local delicacies like muktuk (whale skin) and Arctic char at restaurants like The Storehouse Pub & Grill.
6. Sumatra: Indonesia’s Wild Frontier
Sumatra, the sixth-largest island in the world, spans approximately 473,481 square kilometers (182,812 square miles). Located in western Indonesia, this island is a treasure trove of natural wonders and cultural diversity.
Volcanic Landscapes
Sumatra is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, home to over 100 active volcanoes. Mount Sinabung and Mount Kerinci are two prominent peaks that attract adventurers and geologists alike. The island’s volcanic soil supports lush rainforests and fertile agricultural lands.
Wildlife Sanctuaries
The island boasts several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including Gunung Leuser National Park, which shelters critically endangered species like the Sumatran tiger, orangutan, and rhinoceros. Lake Toba, the world’s largest volcanic lake, offers serene surroundings for relaxation and exploration.
Travel Tip: Explore Bukit Lawang, a gateway to orangutan sanctuaries, where guided jungle treks provide close encounters with these gentle primates.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Medan, Sumatra’s largest city, features accommodations ranging from luxury hotels like JW Marriott to budget stays like Grand Aston City Hall. For dining, try Soto Kesawan for traditional soto soup or indulge in local coffee at Excelso Café.
7. Honshu: Japan’s Heartland
Honshu, Japan’s main island, ranks seventh among the largest islands in the world , covering 227,962 square kilometers (88,017 square miles). It serves as the country’s economic and cultural hub.
Iconic Cities
Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka, and Hiroshima are located on Honshu, offering a blend of modernity and tradition. Visitors can marvel at ancient temples, bustling metropolises, and picturesque countryside landscapes.
Natural Beauty
The Japanese Alps dominate Honshu’s interior, providing opportunities for skiing, hiking, and hot spring bathing. Cherry blossoms in spring and vibrant autumn foliage draw millions of tourists annually.
Travel Tip: Visit during cherry blossom season (late March to early April) to witness Japan’s iconic sakura festivals.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
In Tokyo, stay at luxurious properties like Ritz-Carlton or affordable options like Khaosan Tokyo Origami Hostel. For dining, enjoy sushi at Sukiyabashi Jiro or ramen at Ichiran Ramen.
8. Great Britain: A Cultural Powerhouse
Great Britain, the eighth-largest island in the world, encompasses England, Scotland, and Wales across 209,331 square kilometers (80,823 square miles). Its rich history and global influence make it a top travel destination.
Historical Landmarks
From Stonehenge to Buckingham Palace, Great Britain is dotted with historical landmarks. Edinburgh Castle, the Tower of London, and Bath’s Roman Baths showcase centuries of heritage.
Diverse Regions
Each region has its own charm—Scotland’s rugged Highlands, England’s rolling countryside, and Wales’ dramatic coastlines offer varied experiences. The Lake District and Snowdonia National Parks are popular for outdoor activities.
Travel Tip: Use rail passes to explore multiple cities conveniently while enjoying scenic train journeys.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
London offers accommodations like The Ritz London and budget-friendly options like Generator Hostel. For dining, sample fish and chips at Poppies Fish & Chips or afternoon tea at The Savoy.
9. Ellesmere Island: Arctic Majesty
Ellesmere Island, Canada’s northernmost island, ranks ninth among the largest islands in the world , spanning 196,236 square kilometers (75,767 square miles). Its remote location makes it a haven for polar researchers and adventurers.
10. Ellesmere Island
Ellesmere Island is the tenth-largest island globally, located in Canada’s Arctic Archipelago. It covers an area of about 196,236 square kilometers and is known for its rugged terrain and Arctic wildlife.
11. Sulawesi: Indonesia’s Unique Shaped Island
Sulawesi, the eleventh-largest island in the world, spans approximately 174,600 square kilometers (67,413 square miles). Its distinctive shape resembles a bizarre four-armed starfish, making it one of the most geographically unique islands on Earth.
Geography and Topography
Sulawesi’s unusual shape results from tectonic activity along the Pacific Ring of Fire. The island is divided into four peninsulas—Minahasa, Gorontalo, Southeast Sulawesi, and South Sulawesi—each with its own distinct landscapes. Towering mountains, deep valleys, and pristine coastlines define this island’s rugged terrain.
The central region is dominated by Lore Lindu National Park, a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve that protects ancient megaliths and rare wildlife. Meanwhile, the coastal areas feature mangrove forests, coral reefs, and turquoise waters ideal for snorkeling and diving.
Biodiversity and Wildlife
Sulawesi is part of Wallacea, a biogeographical transition zone between Asia and Australia. This unique position has led to extraordinary levels of endemism. The island is home to species found nowhere else on Earth, such as the babirusa (a deer-like pig), anoa (miniature buffalo), and the spectral tarsier—a tiny nocturnal primate with enormous eyes.
Tangkoko Nature Reserve offers opportunities to spot these fascinating creatures up close. For marine enthusiasts, Bunaken Marine Park boasts some of the richest coral ecosystems in the world, attracting divers from across the globe.
Travel Tip: Visit Wakatobi National Park, renowned for its underwater biodiversity, and consider staying at eco-resorts like Wakatobi Dive Resort for sustainable luxury.
Cultural Diversity
Sulawesi’s population comprises over 50 ethnic groups, each contributing to the island’s vibrant cultural tapestry. The Toraja people, known for their elaborate funeral rites and intricate wood carvings, reside in the highlands of South Sulawesi. Their traditional houses, called tongkonan , are iconic symbols of Torajan culture.
In North Sulawesi, the Minahasan people celebrate festivals like Tombulu with lively music and dance performances. Local markets brim with exotic fruits, spices, and handicrafts, offering visitors a sensory feast.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Manado, the provincial capital, features accommodations ranging from budget-friendly guesthouses like Murex Manado Resort to upscale stays like Novotel Manado Golf Resort & Convention Center. For dining, try Rumah Makan Pondok Laut for fresh seafood or indulge in spicy Minahasan cuisine at Warung Sate Kuda.
12. South Island: New Zealand’s Scenic Masterpiece
South Island, the twelfth-largest island in the world, covers 150,437 square kilometers (58,084 square miles). Often referred to as “the mainland” by locals, it is celebrated for its dramatic landscapes, outdoor adventures, and Maori heritage.
Natural Wonders
From snow-capped peaks to glacial lakes, South Island’s scenery rivals any postcard. The Southern Alps stretch across the island, with Mount Cook (Aoraki) standing as its highest peak at 3,724 meters (12,218 feet). Fiordland National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, showcases fjords like Milford Sound, often dubbed the “Eighth Wonder of the World.”
Abel Tasman National Park offers golden beaches and turquoise waters perfect for kayaking and hiking. Kaikoura, on the east coast, is famous for whale watching and swimming with dolphins.
Adventure Capital
Queenstown, located on Lake Wakatipu, is the adventure capital of New Zealand. Activities include bungee jumping, jet boating, skydiving, and skiing during winter months. Nearby Wanaka provides quieter alternatives with scenic hikes and wine tours.
Travel Tip: Rent a campervan to explore the island’s diverse regions at your own pace while enjoying flexibility and comfort.
Maori Culture
The Maori people have inhabited South Island for centuries, leaving behind legends and traditions tied to the land. Marae (communal meeting grounds) serve as hubs for cultural exchange, where visitors can learn about Maori customs, storytelling, and haka performances.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at luxurious lodges like Eichardt’s Private Hotel in Queenstown or budget options like YHA Queenstown Central Hostel. For dining, sample lamb shanks at Fergburger or enjoy fine dining at Amisfield Bistro & Cellar Door.
13. Java: Indonesia’s Cultural Heart
Java, the thirteenth-largest island in the world, spans 138,794 square kilometers (53,589 square miles). Despite being densely populated, Java remains a hub of culture, history, and natural beauty.
Historical Sites
Java is home to Borobudur, the largest Buddhist temple complex in the world, and Prambanan, a stunning Hindu temple compound. Both sites are UNESCO World Heritage Sites and attract millions of pilgrims and tourists annually.
Yogyakarta, the cultural heart of Java, hosts traditional batik workshops, shadow puppet shows (wayang kulit ), and royal palaces like Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat.
Volcanic Majesty
Mount Merapi, one of the most active volcanoes globally, dominates Java’s skyline. Trekking to its summit offers breathtaking views and insights into geological processes. Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park features otherworldly landscapes, including sand seas and steaming craters.
Travel Tip: Visit Ijen Crater at sunrise to witness the mesmerizing blue flames produced by sulfur combustion—a truly surreal experience.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Jakarta, the capital city, offers accommodations like Raffles Jakarta and budget stays like Capsule Hotel Old Batavia. For dining, try Nasi Goreng Kambing at Sate Khas Senayan or savor Javanese delicacies at Bale Raos.
14. North Island: New Zealand’s Vibrant Hub
North Island, the fourteenth-largest island in the world, covers 113,729 square kilometers (43,911 square miles). Known for its geothermal wonders and vibrant cities, it balances urban sophistication with natural splendor.
Geothermal Marvels
Rotorua is the epicenter of North Island’s geothermal activity, featuring bubbling mud pools, geysers, and hot springs. Wai-O-Tapu Thermal Wonderland showcases colorful mineral deposits and Champagne Pool, a photogenic highlight.
Taupo, situated near Lake Taupo—the largest lake in Australasia—offers trout fishing, jet boating, and scenic cruises. Nearby Tongariro National Park, another UNESCO World Heritage Site, features the Tongariro Alpine Crossing, one of the best day hikes in the world.
Urban Highlights
Auckland, New Zealand’s largest city, blends cosmopolitan energy with outdoor pursuits. Sky Tower provides panoramic views, while Waiheke Island serves as a tranquil escape just offshore. Wellington, the capital, is known for its arts scene, craft beer, and Te Papa Tongarewa museum.
Travel Tip: Explore Hobbiton Movie Set near Matamata, where scenes from The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit were filmed.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at Sofitel Auckland Viaduct Harbour or budget-friendly options like CityLife Auckland. For dining, try Depot Eatery & Oyster Bar in Auckland or Logan Brown in Wellington.
15. Cuba: Caribbean Paradise
Cuba, the fifteenth-largest island in the world, spans 109,884 square kilometers (42,426 square miles). Renowned for its colonial architecture, vibrant music, and revolutionary history, Cuba captivates travelers with its charm.
Colonial Legacy
Havana, the capital city, exudes old-world glamour with pastel-colored buildings, vintage cars, and lively plazas. Old Havana (Habana Vieja) is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, preserving centuries of Spanish influence.
Trinidad, a picturesque town frozen in time, transports visitors to the 19th century with cobblestone streets and ornate mansions. Cienfuegos, known as the “Pearl of the South,” showcases French-inspired architecture.
Natural Beauty
Viñales Valley, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, features towering limestone mogotes and tobacco plantations. Beaches like Varadero and Guardalavaca boast powdery white sands and crystal-clear waters.
Travel Tip: Attend Havana’s annual Jazz Festival in December to immerse yourself in the island’s rich musical heritage.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at Gran Hotel Manzana Kempinski La Habana or budget-friendly Casa Particulars (private homestays). For dining, try Paladar Los Mercaderes for fusion cuisine or El Cocinero for rooftop dining.
16. Newfoundland: Canada’s Eastern Gem
Newfoundland, the sixteenth-largest island in the world, spans approximately 108,860 square kilometers (42,031 square miles). This rugged island off Canada’s Atlantic coast is celebrated for its dramatic cliffs, rich history, and warm hospitality.
Geography and Coastline
Newfoundland’s jagged coastline stretches over 9,656 kilometers (6,000 miles), featuring towering sea stacks like Gros Morne National Park’s Tablelands—a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The park showcases unique geological formations created by ancient tectonic activity.
Signal Hill in St. John’s offers panoramic views of the Atlantic Ocean and is a historic site where Guglielmo Marconi received the first transatlantic wireless signal in 1901. The island’s interior consists of dense forests, pristine lakes, and rolling hills.
Marine Life and Birdwatching
Newfoundland is a haven for marine enthusiasts. Whale watching tours along the Avalon Peninsula allow visitors to spot humpback whales, orcas, and minke whales. During spring and summer, millions of seabirds—including puffins, gannets, and kittiwakes—nest on rocky outcrops like Cape St. Mary’s Ecological Reserve.
Travel Tip: Visit L’Anse aux Meadows, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, to explore reconstructed Viking settlements dating back over 1,000 years.
Cultural Heritage
The island’s culture reflects its Irish and English roots, evident in traditional music, storytelling, and cuisine. Jiggs’ dinner (a hearty boiled meal) and toutons (fried dough served with molasses) are local favorites. Festivals like the Royal St. John’s Regatta celebrate Newfoundland’s maritime traditions.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at luxury accommodations like Fogo Island Inn or budget-friendly options like Sheraton Hotel Newfoundland in St. John’s. For dining, try Mallard Cottage for authentic Newfoundland dishes or enjoy fresh seafood at Bacalao Restaurant.
17. Luzon: Philippines’ Largest Island
Luzon, the seventeenth-largest island in the world, covers 104,688 square kilometers (40,420 square miles). As the largest and most populous island in the Philippines, it serves as the nation’s economic and cultural center.
Diverse Landscapes
Luzon boasts an incredible variety of terrains, from the rice terraces of Banaue—often called the “Eighth Wonder of the World”—to the volcanic peaks of Mount Pinatubo and Mayon Volcano. The Cordillera Mountains provide opportunities for trekking and cultural immersion among indigenous communities.
Manila, the capital city, contrasts modern skyscrapers with historic landmarks like Intramuros, a walled Spanish colonial district. Nearby Taal Volcano, located within a lake, is one of the world’s smallest active volcanoes.
Biodiversity and Marine Wonders
Puerto Galera, a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, features vibrant coral reefs and excellent diving spots. Subic Bay hosts shipwreck dives and dolphin-watching tours. Palawan, though technically separate, is often explored alongside Luzon due to proximity.
Travel Tip: Plan your visit during the dry season (November to April) for optimal weather conditions and easier access to remote areas.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at luxurious properties like Raffles Makati or budget-friendly options like Red Planet Manila Bay. For dining, savor Filipino classics like adobo at Abe Restaurant or indulge in international flavors at Spiral at Sofitel Philippine Plaza.
18. Iceland: Land of Fire and Ice
Iceland, the eighteenth-largest island in the world, spans 103,000 square kilometers (39,769 square miles). Known for its otherworldly landscapes, geothermal wonders, and Viking heritage, Iceland captivates adventurers and nature lovers alike.
Volcanic Landscapes
Iceland sits atop the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, resulting in frequent volcanic activity. Eyjafjallajökull and Katla are two famous volcanoes that have shaped the island’s terrain. Geysir Geothermal Area features erupting hot springs, while Thingvellir National Park highlights tectonic rifts between continents.
The Golden Circle route connects these iconic sites with Gullfoss Waterfall, creating a must-see itinerary for first-time visitors.
Northern Lights and Glaciers
Winter visitors flock to Iceland to witness the mesmerizing Northern Lights dancing across the sky. Vatnajökull Glacier, Europe’s largest ice cap, offers glacier hikes and ice cave explorations. Jökulsárlón Glacier Lagoon dazzles with floating icebergs reflecting sunlight.
Travel Tip: Rent a car to explore Iceland’s Ring Road, which encircles the entire island and provides access to hidden gems like black sand beaches and waterfalls.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at luxurious hotels like Ion Adventure Hotel or budget-friendly guesthouses like Kex Hostel in Reykjavik. For dining, try Icelandic lamb stew at Grillmarkaðurinn or sample fresh seafood at Fish Market.
19. Mindanao: Philippines’ Southern Jewel
Mindanao, the nineteenth-largest island in the world, covers 97,530 square kilometers (37,657 square miles). Located in the southern Philippines, this island is known for its lush rainforests, pristine beaches, and vibrant Muslim and indigenous cultures.
Natural Beauty
Mount Apo, the highest peak in the Philippines, dominates Mindanao’s skyline and attracts climbers seeking challenging ascents. Enchanted River in Surigao del Sur enchants visitors with its crystal-clear waters and mysterious depths.
Siargao Island, part of Mindanao’s archipelago, is a surfer’s paradise renowned for Cloud 9, a world-class surf break. Camiguin Island offers hot and cold springs, waterfalls, and an underwater cemetery.
Travel Tip: Engage with local guides who can navigate the island’s complex geography and introduce you to its diverse communities.
Cultural Diversity
Mindanao is home to various ethnic groups, including the Maguindanao, Maranao, and T’boli people. Traditional crafts like brassware, weaving, and wood carving showcase their artistic talents. Zamboanga City celebrates the Hermosa Festival, highlighting Hispanic and Muslim influences.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at luxurious resorts like Nayong Pilipino Beach Resort or budget-friendly stays like GV Hotel General Santos. For dining, try grilled tuna belly at Davao’s LuLu Restaurant or enjoy halal cuisine at Al Nor Café in Cotabato City.
20. Sri Lanka: Pearl of the Indian Ocean
Sri Lanka, the twentieth-largest island in the world, spans 65,610 square kilometers (25,332 square miles). Often referred to as the “Pearl of the Indian Ocean,” this teardrop-shaped island is famed for its tea plantations, ancient ruins, and wildlife sanctuaries.
Historical Sites
Sigiriya Rock Fortress, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, rises dramatically from the jungle floor and features frescoes and ancient irrigation systems. Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa preserve remnants of Sri Lanka’s early kingdoms.
Kandy, nestled amidst misty mountains, houses the Temple of the Tooth Relic, a sacred Buddhist site. Galle Fort combines Dutch colonial architecture with oceanfront charm.
Wildlife and Nature
Yala National Park is renowned for leopard sightings, while Udawalawe National Park protects elephants and birds. Horton Plains National Park offers scenic trails leading to World’s End, a sheer cliff with breathtaking views.
Travel Tip: Take a train ride through Sri Lanka’s hill country, passing emerald tea estates and cascading waterfalls—it’s considered one of the world’s most scenic rail journeys.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at luxury resorts like Cinnamon Grand Colombo or budget-friendly options like Jetwing Youth Hostel. For dining, try spicy curries at Upali’s by Nawaloka or savor seafood at Ministry of Crab in Colombo.
21. Tierra del Fuego: Land of Fire
Tierra del Fuego, the twenty-first-largest island in the world, spans 47,992 square kilometers (18,530 square miles). Shared by Argentina and Chile, this remote island at the southern tip of South America is characterized by rugged wilderness and harsh climates.
Glaciers and Fjords
Tierra del Fuego’s landscape includes glaciers, peat bogs, and subpolar forests. Ushuaia, the world’s southernmost city, serves as a gateway to Antarctica and offers boat tours to nearby islands and glaciers.
Beagle Channel separates Tierra del Fuego from smaller islands, providing opportunities for kayaking and wildlife spotting. Penguins, seals, and sea lions inhabit the surrounding waters.
Travel Tip: Visit during summer (December to February) when temperatures are milder and daylight lasts nearly 24 hours.
Indigenous Culture
The Yaghan people, native to Tierra del Fuego, adapted to the island’s harsh environment through fishing and hunting. Museums in Ushuaia document their history and way of life.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at luxury lodges like Los Cauquenes Resort & Spa or budget-friendly options like Altos Ushuaia Hostel. For dining, try Patagonian lamb at Kaupé Restaurant or indulge in king crab dishes at Bodegon Fueguino.
22. Hainan: China’s Tropical Paradise
Hainan, the twenty-second-largest island in the world, spans 33,920 square kilometers (13,100 square miles). Known as the “Hawaii of China,” this tropical island attracts sun-seekers and wellness enthusiasts.
Beaches and Resorts
Sanya, Hainan’s premier beach destination, features powdery sands and luxury resorts lining Yalong Bay and Dadonghai Beach. Visitors can relax at spa retreats, snorkel in turquoise waters, or play golf at championship courses.
Wuzhizhou Island, accessible by ferry, is a popular spot for scuba diving and glass-bottom boat rides. The island’s interior consists of lush rainforests and dormant volcanoes like Ma’anling Crater Park.
Travel Tip: Attend the annual Hainan International Tourism Island Carnival for parades, performances, and cultural exhibits.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at luxurious properties like The Sanya EDITION or budget-friendly options like Days Hotel & Suites Haikou. For dining, try Hainanese chicken rice at Qiongzhen Chicken Rice Shop or enjoy seafood at Spring Bay Seafood Restaurant.
23. Hispaniola: Caribbean Twin Nations
Hispaniola, the twenty-third-largest island in the world, spans 76,192 square kilometers (29,418 square miles). Divided between Haiti and the Dominican Republic, this island reflects contrasting histories and landscapes.
Dominican Republic Highlights
Punta Cana, known for all-inclusive resorts and white-sand beaches, draws tourists seeking relaxation. Santo Domingo, the oldest European settlement in the Americas, preserves colonial-era architecture in Zona Colonial.
Los Haitises National Park features mangroves, caves, and bird sanctuaries, while Pico Duarte, the Caribbean’s highest peak, challenges hikers with rewarding vistas.
Travel Tip: Explore Jarabacoa, the “City of Eternal Spring,” for eco-tourism activities like rafting and zip-lining.
Haiti’s Cultural Richness
Port-au-Prince, Haiti’s capital, showcases vibrant art markets and historic sites like Citadelle Laferrière, a mountaintop fortress. Cap-Haïtien offers access to Labadee Beach and Sans-Souci Palace.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Stay at luxury resorts like Eden Roc Cap Cana or budget-friendly options like Hostal Nicolas in Port-au-Prince. For dining, try mofongo at El Conuco in Santo Domingo or griot (fried pork) at Lakay Restaurant in Haiti.
24. Banks Island: Arctic Wilderness
Banks Island, the twenty-fourth-largest island in the world, spans 70,028 square kilometers (27,038 square miles). Part of Canada’s Northwest Territories, this remote Arctic island remains largely untouched by humans.
Tundra and Wildlife
Banks Island’s treeless tundra supports musk oxen, Arctic foxes, and migratory birds. Aulavik National Park protects vast expanses of wilderness, including the Thomsen River—one of the world’s northernmost navigable rivers.
Fossil discoveries reveal evidence of ancient forests and prehistoric mammals that once roamed the region. Visitors may also encounter polar bears and walruses along the coastline.
Travel Tip: Plan your trip during summer months when temperatures are milder, and daylight lasts nearly 24 hours.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Accommodations are limited; consider staying in Inuvik before venturing north. Dining options focus on simple, hearty meals suited to cold climates.
25. Banks Island: A Remote Arctic Wilderness
Banks Island, the twenty-fifth-largest island in the world, spans approximately 70,028 square kilometers (27,038 square miles). Located in Canada’s Northwest Territories, this remote Arctic island is a haven for adventurers seeking solitude and untouched natural beauty.
Geography and Climate
Banks Island lies within the Arctic Circle, characterized by its treeless tundra, rolling hills, and permafrost. The landscape is dotted with countless lakes, rivers, and wetlands, making it a vital habitat for migratory birds and Arctic wildlife. Winters are long and harsh, with temperatures plummeting below -40°C (-40°F), while summers bring milder weather but remain cool.
Aulavik National Park occupies much of the northern part of the island, preserving one of the most pristine wilderness areas on Earth. The park is home to the Thomsen River, which is considered one of the world’s northernmost navigable rivers and offers unparalleled opportunities for canoeing and kayaking.
Wildlife Encounters
The island supports a surprising diversity of Arctic species despite its harsh environment. Musk oxen are abundant here, with an estimated population of over 68,000—more than anywhere else on Earth. Visitors may also spot Arctic foxes, caribou, polar bears, and walruses along the coastline. Birdwatchers flock to the island during summer months to observe millions of migratory birds nesting in colonies across the tundra.
Travel Tip: Bring binoculars and a camera with a zoom lens to capture close-up shots of elusive Arctic animals like musk oxen and polar bears from a safe distance.
Cultural Significance
While Banks Island has no permanent settlements today, archaeological evidence suggests that Indigenous peoples, including the Inuvialuit, have inhabited the region for thousands of years. Ancient tools, hunting camps, and burial sites reveal their deep connection to the land and sea. Traditional knowledge passed down through generations continues to inform modern conservation efforts.
Nearby Hotels and Restaurants
Accommodations on Banks Island itself are virtually nonexistent due to its remoteness. Travelers typically stay in nearby towns like Inuvik or Sachs Harbour before embarking on expeditions to the island. Dining options are limited to basic meals prepared by tour operators or self-catering arrangements.
Conclusion
Exploring the 25 largest islands in the world reveals a breathtaking array of ecosystems, cultures, and histories. From Greenland’s icy expanse to Sri Lanka’s tropical allure, each island offers unique experiences that captivate travelers and scholars alike. By embracing sustainable tourism and respecting local traditions, we ensure these magnificent destinations remain preserved for generations to come.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- Which island has the best beaches?
- Islands like Cuba, Sri Lanka, and Luzon are renowned for their pristine beaches.
- What’s the easiest island to travel around?
- Honshu and Java offer extensive transportation networks, making them accessible for travelers.
- Are there dangerous animals on these islands?
- While some islands host predators like polar bears or saltwater crocodiles, proper precautions minimize risks.
- Can I find vegetarian food on all these islands?
- Most islands cater to vegetarians, though availability varies; research ahead for specific dietary needs.
- Do these islands have internet connectivity?
- Urban areas generally have reliable internet, but remote regions may lack coverage.
- Which island is best for families?
- Iceland and New Zealand are family-friendly destinations with safe environments and diverse activities.
- How do I prepare for extreme climates?
- Pack appropriate gear, consult experts, and acclimate gradually when visiting polar or desert islands.
- Are there eco-tours available on every island?
- Many islands promote eco-friendly tourism initiatives focusing on sustainability and conservation.
- Where can I find affordable accommodations?
- Budget-friendly options exist in major towns and cities, especially outside peak tourist seasons.
- What languages are commonly spoken?
- Language varies widely; English, Spanish, Indonesian, and indigenous tongues dominate depending on the region.
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